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                  The expert teachers describe how WhatsApp is used multimodally. As an introduction,
                  the teacher presents a still image, possibly a video or a page from a book, perhaps an
                  assignment for the reading-oriented learners. Some learners also need a demonstra-
                  tion  video  where  they  can  watch  the  teacher  performing  the  first  task.  If  dyslexic
                  learners are present, the teacher also produces audio files.

                  In addition, the teachers use the AppWriter package to support reading and writing
                  exercises in language learning processes. Other experts also referred to Padlet.

                  APPEN FLASH CARDS
                  Some experts highlighted the use of linguistic apps, for instance Flash Cards. The main
                  experience is that you achieve the best language learning results among adult learners
                  in employment-oriented language education, when you combine the general employ-
                  ment-oriented Danish education with training of work- and task-specific vocabulary.

                  Generally employment-oriented learning may be, for example, small talk, break talk,
                  requests  for  vacation,  sick  leave  and  similar  themes,  which  are  aimed  at  the  broad
                  group of learners regardless of sector or workplace. For the well-educated learner, this
                  will  often  be  sufficient.  However,  for  many  vulnerable  adult  learners,  characterized
                  typically by being short-skilled with limited language and learning requirements, there
                  is a need for tools to furthermore train the work- and task-specific vocabulary.

                  The linguistic apps have their special strength in this area, as they make possible to
                  introduce a digital image- and sound-based teaching tool, giving the learners the op-
                  portunity to train precisely the work- and task-specific vocabulary that she/he needs to
                  acquire or maintain employment by training task-specific vocabulary of specific work
                  tools linked to specific work tasks.

                  THE  VIRTUAL  CLASSROOM  CAN  BE  A  COMFORT  ZONE  FOR  VULNERABLE  ADULT
                  LEARNERS
                  The interviewed expert teachers conclude that some learners prefer virtual teaching,
                  which gives them a sense of being in a comfort zone, especially if they participate from
                  home in their familiar surroundings.
                  A learner with a hearing impairment could write that she preferred the instructions in
                  writing. None of the other learners noticed that. But in the physical classroom, she has
                  experienced being more exposed when she had to express her special needs.

                  In addition, there are elements in the digital teaching which help those learners who
                  have difficulties expressing themselves and obtaining a response from the teacher. In
                  WhatApp or zoom teaching, the teacher has the opportunity to give the learners more
                  individual attention in between the joint activities.
                  Furthermore,  the  experts  pointed  to  the  possibilities  in  providing  blended  teaching
                  and learning, thus to combine and meet different didactic needs, especially the need
                  among some learners to unite a social and learning space through the presence in a
                  physical classroom combined with virtual encounters.
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